Review for Final Exam
The final is comprehensive.
~25% of the final will cover material from earlier in the semester (and thus, the same areas covered by the first 2 exams will be covered).
The remainder will cover material not yet tested.
Everything in the textbook covered during this semester is fair game. Everything in my notes should be considered important.
Here are the essentials to know:
Bioenergetics & Metabolic Strategies
Free energy changes & equilibria
Use of ATP
Driving anabolism/production during catabolism
Group transfer
Redox reactions
How to calculate
The cofactors involved
NAD/NADP
Flavins
How different organisms make a living
Organization & regulation of pathways
Cellular homeostasis
Glycolysis
KNOW every reaction:
enzyme
intermediates (substrate & products)
cofactor(s) involved
mechanisms (when discussed)
The logic & energetics of the pathway
Additional reactions of fermentation
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogen (starch) synthesis/breakdown
Regulation
TCA cycle etc.
Cofactors and how they work:
Thiamine pyrophosphate
Lipoic acid
Coenzyme A
Biotin
The pyruvate partition:
Pyruvate DH (mechanism)
Pyruvate carboxylase
KNOW every reaction:
enzyme
intermediates (substrate & products)
cofactor(s) involved
mechanisms (when discussed)
The logic & energetics of the pathway
Glyoxylate cycle
Regulation